The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay Example For Students

The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay An Analysis of Reaping the Whirlwind: The Civil Rights Movement in Tuskegee When a person, who is a citizen of this country, thinks about civil rights, they often they about the Civil Rights Movement which took place in this nation during mid 11950s and primarily through the 1960s. They think about the marches, sit-ins, boycotts, and other demonstrations that took place during that period. They also think about influential people during that period such as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Medgar Evers, John Lewis, Rosa parks, and other people who made contributions during that movement which change the course of societys was of life in America. We will write a custom essay on The civil rights movement in tuskegee specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In some people view, the Civil Rights Movement began when the Supreme Court rendered their decision in Brown vs. Education, or when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a Bus and the Montgomery Bus-Boycott began. However, the Civil Rights Movement had already begun in several cities in the South. This was the case for the citizens of African descent of the city of Tuskegee. In his book, Reaping the Whirlwind: The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay, Robert James Norrell clearly points out that the Negro citizens of Tuskegee had begun to fight for their Civil Rights in 1870. By reading this book, one could infer that his purpose for writing it would be to inform his readers how the Negro Citizens of the City of Tuskegee gained their right as citizens in which they were entitled to enjoy. He particularly emphasized how they would demand for their right to vote as it is spelled out in the Constitution of this great nation. He also tells the story about power. How whites tried to keep control of their society and blacks kept seeking more independence. The subject of the book was how black votes could change the way of living in a community that was accustom to white supremacy. It focused on people who were a threat to whites being in control. Anybody who tried to change the way of living in the interests of whites of that time in the Tuskegee was considered a threat to their society. Primary questions and issues that were raised were why could not the Negro citizens of the Tuskegee community enjoy the rights that the Constitution of the United States had given them to enjoy. It was because the heartiness of whites who who lived during that time who could not accept the fact that Negroes are no longer considered to be property. It was hard for them rationalize that Negroes are indeed humans and should be treated as such and thus should have the right to enjoy life by utilizing their rights which were given to them. In fact, Congress had to pass several pieces of legislation to spell out specifically what those rights were so they could no longer be assumed as they previously were. The issue that was primarily discussed throughout the book was the right to vote and for Negroes to hold political offices. For some reason it was hard for people of European descent to see blacks equal to their capabilities. An example of this would be James Alston returned home from a Republican Party meeting, late one Saturday night at the Negro Zion Church in Tuskegee. Alston was the leader of the local black Republicans and also represented Macon County in the Alabama Legislature. As he and his wife were going to bed, gunfire was blasted through their house like hail. Alston was struck in the back and hip and his wife, who was pregnant at the time, was hit in the foot. Incredibly, nobody was seriously injured in which more than three hundred-buckshot holes were counted. J. .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .postImageUrl , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:hover , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:visited , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:active { border:0!important; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:active , .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81 .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u789a75a183c68f69708825290fbd8d81:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Langston Hughes Essay Thesis T. Menifee, who was the county general and probate judge who was a Republican aligned with the Democrats made it absolutely clear that how white felt about blacks holding political offices. He made a stern warning on Saturday night events very clear: a nigger couldnt hold no office in this county no longer. (p. 4). He later he told Alston that he was going to be shot and that a nigger wasnt fit for nothing else than to drive oxen, . The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay Example For Students The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay An Analysis of Reaping the Whirlwind: The Civil Rights Movement in Tuskegee When a person, who is a citizen of this country, thinks about civil rights, they often they about the Civil Rights Movement which took place in this nation during mid 11950s and primarily through the 1960s. They think about the marches, sit-ins, boycotts, and other demonstrations that took place during that period. They also think about influential people during that period such as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Medgar Evers, John Lewis, Rosa parks, and other people who made contributions during that movement which change the course of societys was of life in America. We will write a custom essay on The civil rights movement in tuskegee specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In some people view, the Civil Rights Movement began when the Supreme Court rendered their decision in Brown vs. Education, or when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a Bus and the Montgomery Bus-Boycott began. However, the Civil Rights Movement had already begun in several cities in the South. This was the case for the citizens of African descent of the city of Tuskegee. In his book, Reaping the Whirlwind: The civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay, Robert James Norrell clearly points out that the Negro citizens of Tuskegee had begun to fight for their Civil Rights in 1870. By reading this book, one could infer that his purpose for writing it would be to inform his readers how the Negro Citizens of the City of Tuskegee gained their right as citizens in which they were entitled to enjoy. He particularly emphasized how they would demand for their right to vote as it is spelled out in the Constitution of this great nation. He also tells the story about power. How whites tried to keep control of their society and blacks kept seeking more independence. The subject of the book was how black votes could change the way of living in a community that was accustom to white supremacy. It focused on people who were a threat to whites being in control. Anybody who tried to change the way of living in the interests of whites of that time in the Tuskegee was considered a threat to their society. Primary questions and issues that were raised were why could not the Negro citizens of the Tuskegee community enjoy the rights that the Constitution of the United States had given them to enjoy. It was because the heartiness of whites who who lived during that time who could not accept the fact that Negroes are no longer considered to be property. It was hard for them rationalize that Negroes are indeed humans and should be treated as such and thus should have the right to enjoy life by utilizing their rights which were given to them. In fact, Congress had to pass several pieces of legislation to spell out specifically what those rights were so they could no longer be assumed as they previously were. The issue that was primarily discussed throughout the book was the right to vote and for Negroes to hold political offices. For some reason it was hard for people of European descent to see blacks equal to their capabilities. An example of this would be James Alston returned home from a Republican Party meeting, late one Saturday night at the Negro Zion Church in Tuskegee. Alston was the leader of the local black Republicans and also represented Macon County in the Alabama Legislature. As he and his wife were going to bed, gunfire was blasted through their house like hail. Alston was struck in the back and hip and his wife, who was pregnant at the time, was hit in the foot. Incredibly, nobody was seriously injured in which more than three hundred-buckshot holes were counted. J. .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .postImageUrl , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:hover , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:visited , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:active { border:0!important; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:active , .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u89681b2f11e74e8c8244cf6f6c6c1e7a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Night Essay Thesis T. Menifee, who was the county general and probate judge who was a Republican aligned with the Democrats made it absolutely clear that how white felt about blacks holding political offices. He made a stern warning on Saturday night events very clear: a nigger couldnt hold no office in this county no longer.; (p. 4). He later he told Alston that he was going to be shot and that ;a nigger wasnt fit for nothing else than to drive oxen, . the civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay Example For Students the civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay An Analysis of Reaping the Whirlwind: The Civil Rights Movement in Tuskegee When a person, who is a citizen of this country, thinks about civil rights, they often they about the Civil Rights Movement which took place in this nation during mid 11950s and primarily through the 1960s. They think about the marches, sit-ins, boycotts, and other demonstrations that took place during that period. They also think about influential people during that period such as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Medgar Evers, John Lewis, Rosa parks, and other people who made contributions during that movement which change the course of societys was of life in America. We will write a custom essay on the civil rights movement in tuskegee specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In some people view, the Civil Rights Movement began when the Supreme Court rendered their decision in Brown vs. Education, or when Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a Bus and the Montgomery Bus-Boycott began. However, the Civil Rights Movement had already begun in several cities in the South. This was the case for the citizens of African descent of the city of Tuskegee. In his book, Reaping the Whirlwind: the civil rights movement in tuskegee Essay, Robert James Norrell clearly points out that the Negro citizens of Tuskegee had begun to fight for their Civil Rights in 1870. By reading this book, one could infer that his purpose for writing it would be to inform his readers how the Negro Citizens of the City of Tuskegee gained their right as citizens in which they were entitled to enjoy. He particularly emphasized how they would demand for their right to vote as it is spelled out in the Constitution of this great nation. He also tells the story about power. How whites tried to keep control of their society and blacks kept seeking more independence. The subject of the book was how black votes could change the way of living in a community that was accustom to white supremacy. It focused on people who were a threat to whites being in control. Anybody who tried to change the way of living in the interests of whites of that time in the Tuskegee was considered a threat to their society. Primary questions and issues that were raised were why could not the Negro citizens of the Tuskegee community enjoy the rights that the Constitution of the United States had given them to enjoy. It was because the heartiness of whites who who lived during that time who could not accept the fact that Negroes are no longer considered to be property. It was hard for them rationalize that Negroes are indeed humans and should be treated as such and thus should have the right to enjoy life by utilizing their rights which were given to them. In fact, Congress had to pass several pieces of legislation to spell out specifically what those rights were so they could no longer be assumed as they previously were. The issue that was primarily discussed throughout the book was the right to vote and for Negroes to hold political offices. For some reason it was hard for people of European descent to see blacks equal to their capabilities. An example of this would be James Alston returned home from a Republican Party meeting, late one Saturday night at the Negro Zion Church in Tuskegee. Alston was the leader of the local black Republicans and also represented Macon County in the Alabama Legislature. As he and his wife were going to bed, gunfire was blasted through their house like hail. Alston was struck in the back and hip and his wife, who was pregnant at the time, was hit in the foot. Incredibly, nobody was seriously injured in which more than three hundred-buckshot holes were counted. J. .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .postImageUrl , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:hover , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:visited , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:active { border:0!important; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:active , .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939 .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u56b3c95e06475638895d89417ee2d939:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Veteran interview Essay T. Menifee, who was the county general and probate judge who was a Republican aligned with the Democrats made it absolutely clear that how white felt about blacks holding political offices. He made a stern warning on Saturday night events very clear: a nigger couldnt hold no office in this county no longer. (p. 4). He later he told Alston that he was going to be shot and that a nigger wasnt fit for nothing else than to drive oxen, .

Cooking With Your Children

Cooking With Your Children Free Online Research Papers How many parents take the time to cook with their children? How many of you were taught to cook by your parents or someone else in your family? I actually started cooking with my mother when I was 6 years old rolling out bread dough to make crescent rolls (homemade, of course). Due to my childhood experience, I now cook with my children at least twice a week. Since I am normally only home on the weekends to see my children, I use this time for bonding; as well as for teaching them skills that they will need in order to survive in today’s world, better known as life skills. Cooking with your children is great way to strengthen family bonds, while enforcing math and life skills. First, cooking with your children can create strong family bonds. This provides the opportunity for spending quality time with your children. While preparing meals, daily discussions regarding current topics in and about their lives are abound (â€Å"How was your day†, â€Å"What did you do in class†, â€Å"Have you spoken to your grandmother†). These discussions during meal preparation can lead to enjoyable moments that children tend to remember as they grow older. They then share these experiences and moments with their children (Eisenhower). In the words of my favorite T.V. Cook, Alton Brown of â€Å"Good Eats†, â€Å"Cooking with children is just plain fun†. How can you not have fun in the kitchen while cooking with your children? Yes, it can be messy; yes, it can be time consuming; but that is what makes it a fun learning environment. Make mistakes, get messy, have fun. Secondly, cooking with your children will teach them a necessary life skill, a required skill that they will need in order to survive on their own. Cooking not only teaches food preparation, but also educates them on making healthy food choices (Eisenhower; Ryan). By allowing them to cook for themselves, they are not dependent on fast food or constant dining out. It also teaches the principles of time management. For example, if for dinner we are having a roast that requires four hours of cooking then they need to consider that the additional sides or â€Å"fixings† should be prepared in a sequence that would allow them all to be ready at the same time as the roast. These basic life skills of cooking and time management are important for your child and are necessary for them to survive. Third, cooking with your children helps to reinforce their math skills. Having your child count the beans or carrot sticks gives them a reason to count. It makes counting fun purposeful or â€Å"Purposeful Counting† (Marinelli). Employing your children in the kitchen can be fun and will reinforce their measuring skills. Using the volume method of measuring, such as one-quarter cup of flour or two cups of sugar, helps children to visualize the actual measurement. In my household, we also use ruler measurements when baking. When making cinnamon rolls we measure the length and width of the rolled dough for proper sizing. In the case of the cinnamon roll dough, we are looking for a perfect rectangle. In other baking situations, we will use other geometric shapes including circles, triangles, squares, cones. Cooking also teaches and reinforces their skills at telling time, which will assist with proper time management. Such as with the aforementioned roast, if you put it in t he oven at 4 P.M. and it takes one and half-hours to cook, you can ask, at what time does the roast have to be taken out of the oven? Having your children count, measure and tell time can reinforces those skills with â€Å"Purposeful Counting†. These activities conducted in a fun atmosphere and used in â€Å"real world† situations reinforce the basic life skills that are important. In conclusion, Cooking with your children can create a naturally fun environment for family bonding. It gives them some of the skills, cooking and time management, they will need to survive. As well, cooking reinforces their math skills by letting them use what they have learned in a â€Å"real world† situation. Taking the time to cook with your children will create stronger family bonds, teach them basic life skills that they will need as they grow older and reinforces many math skills that they will not only be able to utilize at home but in school too. Brown, Alton. â€Å"Apple Family Values† Foodnetwork.com, Food Network Season 2 Episode EA1B03 Video. Eisenhower, Julie. Cooking With Children. The Saturday Evening Post , Curtis Publishing August 1975, 94-110 Print. Marinelli, Noel. Count Cook. Scholastic Parent Child, Scholastic Publishing March 2006, 73 Print. Ryan, Kelley Andrea. Cooking With Kids. Nebraska Kitchens, Nebraska Life Publishing June 20088, 37-39 Print. Research Papers on Cooking With Your ChildrenEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Spring and AutumnMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Effects of Illegal Immigration

6 To-Do List Styles to Get Your Life in Order

6 To-Do List Styles to Get Your Life in Order Do you find the idea of making a to-do list strangely daunting? If you’re one of those people who don’t naturally tend to the to-do list, you might need a little help or inspiration to get you started. Here are some of the best templates, options, and styles for you to try.The Old School ListGo the simple route and simply handwrite your list. If you get a random thought and aren’t near your computer, just jot it down! You can always add it to a more high-tech list later on. You might find this method less distracting when you’re in a working groove. If you have a hard time conceptualizing how to organize your list, there are tons of printable templates in .doc or PDF. Just print ‘em out and fill ‘em in!Bullet JournalingEverybody’s talking about Bullet journaling. Read up on this new technique, described as â€Å"a customizable and forgiving organization system†- an all-in-one â€Å"to-do list, sketchbook, notebook, and diary.â₠¬  It helps you keep your lists manageable in size and keep items from overwhelming you while making sure more of them actually get done. So go to the website and see whether or not the Kool-Aid is right for you!Breaking It DownSet yourself one big goal for the day, then break it into actionable chunks. The smaller tasks will feel more manageable than the larger goal, and you’ll find you chip away at them quickly. Once you build momentum, you’ll be surprised at how fast you knock out your ultimate goal and consider that day a success.Use Your CloudUse the cloud calendar function already on your laptop or your phone. They’ll merge effortlessly together so you can update from either device and have your to-do list with you at all times. And it can help you visualize how much time you have for each segment of your day. Try out the Google â€Å"Goals† feature along with this method for your long-term wish list of goals.Prioritize Your TasksCheck out Wunderli st, Todosit, or iDoneThis, or the thousands of apps like them, to sort your to-dos by priority level. You’ll also earn reward â€Å"points† for every task completed, which is just fun enough to make you feel really good about yourself. If you want a version with fewer bells and whistles, try Template.net which sorts your tasks into columns like â€Å"to do, to get, to call,† etc. Or TidyForms, which lets you schedule out two full days instead of one.Do It For CupcakesNo, honestly, that’s the name of the template. Design Eat Repeat created an adorable weekly organizing template called DO IT FOR THE CUPCAKES that lets you identify six goals per day. If you finish all your tasks in that week, you get cupcakes! Well, you’re strongly encouraged to get them.

Ways to Reduce Your Exposure to BPA

Ways to Reduce Your Exposure to BPA Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical widely used in common plastic products, such as baby bottles, children’s toys, and the linings of most food and beverage cans. Many scientific studies- including the largest study of BPA ever conducted on humans- have found links between BPA and serious health problems, from heart disease, diabetes, and liver abnormalities in adults to developmental problems in the brains and hormonal systems of children. Recent studies have documented negative health consequences, while others find no ill effects. Endocrine disruptors are notoriously difficult to study, as they may be more dangerous at very low doses than at higher doses. Depending on your tolerance for risk, you might want to minimize your exposure to BPA. Given the wide use of BPA in so many products we encounter every day, it is probably impossible to completely eliminate your exposure to this potentially harmful chemical. Still, you can lower your exposure- and your risk of possible health problems associated with BPA- by taking a few simple precautions. In 2007, the Environmental Working Group hired an independent laboratory to conduct an analysis of BPA in many different canned foods and beverages. The study found that the amount of BPA in canned food varies widely. Chicken soup, infant formula, and ravioli had the highest concentrations of BPA, for example, while condensed milk, soda, and canned fruit contained much less of the chemical. Here are a few tips to help you lower your exposure to BPA. Eat Fewer Canned Foods The easiest way to lower your intake of BPA is to stop eating so many foods that come into contact with the chemical. Eat fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables, which usually have more nutrients and fewer preservatives than canned foods, and taste better, too. Choose Cardboard and Glass Containers Over Cans Highly acidic foods, such as tomato sauce and canned pasta, leach more BPA from the lining of cans, so it’s best to choose brands that come in glass containers. Soups, juices, and other foods packaged in cardboard cartons made of layers of aluminum and polyethylene plastic (labeled with a number 2 recycling code) are safer than cans with plastic linings containing BPA. Do Not Microwave Polycarbonate Plastic Food Containers Polycarbonate plastic, which is used in packaging for many microwaveable foods, may break down at high temperatures and release BPA. Although manufacturers are not required to say whether a product contains BPA, polycarbonate containers that do are usually marked with a number 7 recycling code on the bottom of the package. Choose Plastic or Glass Bottles for Beverages Canned juice and soda often contain some BPA, especially if they come in cans lined with BPA-laden plastic. Glass or plastic bottles are safer choices. For portable water bottles, glass and stainless steel are best, but most recyclable plastic water bottles do not contain BPA. Plastic bottles with BPA are usually marked with a number 7 recycling code. Turn Down the Heat To avoid BPA in your hot foods and liquids, switch to glass or porcelain containers, or stainless steel containers without plastic liners. Use Baby Bottles That Are BPA-Free As a general rule, hard, clear plastic contains BPA while soft or cloudy plastic does not. Most major manufacturers now offer baby bottles made without BPA. However, a recent study published in the journal Endocrinology evaluated an alternative plastic compound (BPS) used in products labeled as BPA-free, and unfortunately, it also was found to create significant hormonal disruptions in a fish species. Further studies are needed to determine how concerned we should be for the effects on human health. Use Powdered Infant Formula Instead of Pre-mixed Liquid A study by the Environmental Working Group found that liquid formulas contain more BPA than powdered versions. Practice Moderation The fewer canned foods and beverages you consume, the less your exposure to BPA, but you don’t have to cut out canned foods altogether to reduce your exposure and lower your potential health risks. In addition to eating less canned food overall, limit your intake of canned foods that are high in BPA.